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GENEVA, 18 November (UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)) --
E-commerce is really a potential gold mine for ladies in developing countries,[url=http://discountsoccercleatsonline.webmium.com/][b]http://discountsoccercleatsonline.webmium.com/[/b][/url], but to seize those opportunities, women will first need to overcome obstacles of education, infrastructure and finance, says a new UNCTAD report, released today. And while they are already tapping into the growing demand for outsourcing in services, they tend to be clustered at the cheap of the skills and salary spectrum and risk being left behind by new technologies if they, and their governments, do not prepare now.
Self-employed women in the third world, be they microentrepreneurs or women working from home, are increasingly embracing e-commerce and also the Internet as a way to earn income and save your time and costs while also meeting their family responsibilities. The growing business-to-consumer (B2C) or retail sector within their countries offers many possibilities for smaller businesses with access to information technologies (IT). Such businesses have the advantage of low capital and skills requirements,[url=http://2013rogerviviershoessaks.blogspot.com/][b]Cheap Roger Vivier Boots Sale Online[/b][/url], and several seem to be owned by women. Testimonials are to be found on every continent. In India, an e-marketplace called IndiaShop has eliminated middlemen in the selling of saris. A nationwide housewives network in Peru, Tortasperu, which bakes confectioneries and sells them on the internet, has generated lucrative work with women looking after children in your own home whilst providing the country with much-needed foreign currency. Ethiopia has opened an Internet gift shop that sells traditional costumes, food and spices made by women. And handmade products produced by women artisans in Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon,[url=http://merrellshoesusaonline.blogspot.com/][b]merrell shoes usa online[/b][/url], Morocco and Tunisia can be purchased through a virtual shop called Elsouk. Such opportunities are really important for ladies in Asia, where IT-enabled or remote services business process outsourcing of former back-office operations -- have grown exponentially, and where women head 35% of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).
But this sort of e-commerce is limited to certain areas, dictated largely by a rustic infrastructure and trading strength. Commodities like garments and handicrafts can't be delivered online, and use from the Internet is limited to advertising, ordering and possibly collecting payments, which can be difficult in developing countries which have not yet developed or accepted secure online payments technology. Some women have thus found a market niche within the buying or selling of knowledge rather than tangible goods. At Grameen Phone in Bangladesh, women buy cellphones and supply mobile payphone services in their
shops or local markets; freelance women journalists in India and Malaysia deliver their services online,[url=http://parajumperssalefreeshipping.webmium.com/][b]parajumpers sale free shipping Hampton Roads Technology Council for sale[/b][/url].
More promising opportunities for women lie within the business-to-business (B2B) segment of e-commerce, the report finds. A chance to transfer digitized data online,[url=http://duveticajacketsoutlet.olimx.com/][b]Duvetica Jackets Duvetica Online Duvetica Outlet Duvetica Sale Duvetica Vest Duvetica Coat Duvetica Kappa[/b][/url], assuming adequate infrastructure and bandwidth,[url=http://discountsoccercleatsonline.webmium.com/][b]discount soccer cleats online Footwear Soccer Cleats Soccer Shoes[/b][/url], is leading companies in developed and developing countries alike to outsource some business operations to distant and usually cheaper locations. Developing countries that may offer a cheap, skilled computer- and English-literate workforce are the most targeted sites and that workforce is predominantly female.
The global expansion of software and IT-enabled services has broadened job prospects for women. Women in certain Asian and Latin American countries hold more than 20% of professional jobs in software services. The world interest in IT-enabled services is expected to develop dramatically. But while such work covers a range of skills, from data entry and capture, to software programming and systems analysis, women are usually hired for operations requiring less complex skills (see box). may be worth monitoring this gender differential the report warns,[url=http://duveticapiuminiitalia.webmium.com/][b]Duvetica Piumini Italia Outlet Shop Duvetica Down Jackets Uomo[/b][/url], the following round of technological changes, for example in the areas of voice recognition and computer image processing, could make some of these skills less saleable in the international market Due to the rise in
e-commerce, such areas as network and data centre management, end-user support and website hosting are getting outsourced. If women are to boost their be part of these types of services, they'll need more training in Internet skills.
Meanwhile,[url=http://2013rogerviviershoessaks.blogspot.com/][b]Roger Vivier Boots Outlet[/b][/url], however, teleworking became one of the most popular types of performing outsourced IT operations. It allows women, in particular, to work either from home or from such institutions as call centres or satellite offices, as needed by the employer. While there is no uniform preference for types of telework among women in developing countries,[url=http://duveticapiumini.olimx.com/][b]Duvetica piumini italy online piumini duvetica outlet duvetica jackets shop[/b][/url], age and stage of life do mould their choices. Younger, less experienced women tend to operate in call centres, while older ladies and professional women with children often prefer home work, specially when collective childcare is unavailable. Institution-based teleworking generally is a more appealing option both for working mothers with young kids as well as for management, which finds it simpler to monitor and supervise employees, the report finds.
Women both in developed and developing countries are clustered in the low-skills end from it work and largely absent from its upper echelons -- which despite the fact that training policies have been in theory gender-neutral. Few women are actual producers of knowledge technology as Internet content providers, web designers, software programmers or computer troubleshooters. In america, where 50% of Online users are women, they comprise 85% of data entry workers along with a minority of mid- to upper-level managers. The report finds that after girls and ladies are given appropriate and sufficiently early education in science, technology, computers and also the Internet, they can actually outperform boys and men. The collective use of telephone and Internet facilities will also help women to beat access and infrastructure constraints and lower the growing digital divide between countries and genders, preventing the cyber sex discrimination warned of through the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). Mobile telephony along with other technology is also narrowing the gaps.
Apart from lacking access to infrastructure and education, insufficient capital may be the third key obstacle to women in e-commerce. There are also social and cultural factors to deal with: in certain societies,[url=http://2013rogerviviershoessaks.blogspot.com/][b]http://2013rogerviviershoessaks.blogspot.com/[/b][/url], women have less spare time,[url=http://giuseppezanottioutletonline.webmium.com/][b]http://giuseppezanottioutletonline.webmium.com/[/b][/url], don't control family income or assets, receive less education than men and must restrict their presence in public. The predominance of English, the industry sine qua non for most outsourcing from the largest markets,[url=http://monclerwesteoutletbillig.albirank.net/][b]http://monclerwesteoutletbillig.albirank.net/[/b][/url], the united states and also the UK,[url=http://giuseppezanottimenssneakers.webmium.com/][b]giuseppe zanotti sneakers men 2013[/b][/url], is another barrier, pointing to the need for women learning English. At the same time, however, increasing trend towards multilingual content provides a digital opportunity when it comes to language translation in software development as well as in web design in native languages the report says.
Additionally, the major information and communication technology finance industry is now facing a serious shortage from it skills, with the gap between demand and supply projected to achieve 28% by 2004. The labour shortfall is going to be most unfortunate in Latin America (63%), Europe, the Middle East and Africa (40%), followed by The united states (27%) and Asia/Pacific (12%). The implications are promising for ladies,[url=http://duveticacanadashop.halod.com/][b]duvetica down jackets online sale[/b][/url], whose labour force participation rates happen to be rising in developing countries. This means the Internet has the potential to an amount playing field for ladies and men according to the report.
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