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Phonics is a popular method used to teach young children to read and write in the English speaking world. In phonics, the student is taught to identify the sounds of the words or the phonemes, which according to the International Phonetic Association is ìthe smallest segmental unit of sound employed to form meaningful contrasts between utterances.î There are approximately 44 phonemes in the English [url=http://www.ilyav.com/uggpascher.php]boots ugg pas cher[/url] language including both vowels and consonants. Examples would be oo or oi or th, m or z.
The use of sounds including the ability to hear and identify phonemes is combined with spelling patterns called graphemes to help a child learn to read. The theory behind phonics is that new written words can be deciphered by sounding them out using the sound spelling patterns of phonemes and graphemes. Phonics is referred to as a sublexical method as opposed to the [url=http://www.ilyav.com/uggpascher.php]ugg pas cher[/url] Whole language, an approach which emphasizes the meaning of words in reading. In [url=http://www.1855sacramento.com/moncler.php]moncler outlet[/url] most educational practices, both phonic and and lexical methods are used in tandem.
Reading comprehension
Reading comprehension refers to the amount of material retained from the reading of words. Reading [url=http://www.gotprintsigns.com/hollisterpascher/‎]hollister paris[/url] itself is a cognitive process which involves deciphering the meaning of words or symbols. The ability to read is based on the readerís knowledge, mental ability, mind set, and experience. The more a person reads, the better a reader they become.
Reading experts state that regular instruction in phonics increases reading comprehension of children by improving word recognition. The ability to read words accurately, allows children to concentrate on word meanings. Research in literacy appears to back up this up, that instruction in phonics increases reading comprehension. Instructors do acknowledge that it is important to be flexible in phonics instruction and allow students to work at their own pace as much as possible. Some books help kids learn this way, such as the popular Nate the Great, and teachers can even get Nate the Great lesson plans online.
Research in phonics
The National Academy of Education in the United States commissioned a study in 1984 on the different instruction methods used in teaching reading. The report called ëBecoming a Nation of Readersí clearly shows that phonics assists students in identifying words, helps students learn the sound of letters and helps them learn to combine the sounded out letters to make words. The recommendations of the report are that phonics be combined with the use of instructional stories and word identification in sentences.
Another research study undertaken by the National Research Council of the United States examined the best methods to teach reading. The results of the research were published in a report called ëPrevention of Reading Difficulties in Young Childrení, issued in 1998. The results of the research were similar to the study undertaken by the National Academy of Education. Phonics was found to be an effective way to educate children in reading skills, more effective than the traditional whole language approach. Recommendations from the research were that phonics should be taught in a systematic way going from simple to more challenging patterns.
Synthetic Phonics
The system of learning to read and write called phonics has been around for about 200 years. Phonics is the primary method of teaching reading in the English speaking world. In the UK and Australia the primary method is a variant of phonics called synthetic phonics also called inductive phonics which starts with letter sounds and builds up to putting the sounds together to make words. In synthetic phonics approximately six words are taught on a weekly basis. The synthesis part of it refers to the fact that [url=http://www.achbanker.com/home.php]hollister france[/url] the words are by themselves first and then synthesized to form a word. For example, a teacher might teach both vowel and consonant sounds, and then the phonemes are used in [url=http://www.vivid-host.com/barbour.htm]barbour uk[/url] a word, blending them all together.
The Alphabet and phonics
The English language is based on the English alphabet of 26 letters. Some languages have a more one to one relationship between phonemes and the letter patterns they represent. Learning to [url=http://www.davidhabchy.com]barbour outlet[/url] read English is more difficult because the 26 letters are used to represent 44 phonemes. For this reason, in English phonics two letters are often [url=http://www.maximoupgrade.com/hot.php]hollister[/url] used together to represent a sound. In addition, the English language has taken on a variety of words from other languages such [url=http://www.mquin.com/giuseppezanotti.php]giuseppe zanotti pas cher[/url] as French, Old English, Spanish, Latin and Greek. The addition of foreign language words means that not all the phonetic rules will apply. In general, 75% of the spelling rules are reliable [url=http://www.1855sacramento.com/peuterey.php]peuterey[/url] when it [url=http://www.achbanker.com/home.php]hollister[/url] comes to phonetics.

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