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East Africa Famine
The pictures coming from across the Horn of Africa are bleak: skeleton-thin babies being held by their underfed mothers, crying for food in refugee camps, wasting away in front of the lens.
The drought in East Africa has been known as the worst the region has seen in half a century. An estimated 12.5 million people are facing starvation in Somalia, Ethiopia and Kenya,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], together with parts of Uganda, Eritrea and Djibouti. It's so bad that aid workers have dubbed this region "The Triangle of Death."
To international aid organizations, this famine is no shock. "Unicef and others happen to be trying to raise the alarm that this was going to happen since about January," says David Morley,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], CEO and President of Unicef Canada.
Before the UN can officially declare a famine within the Horn of Africa, there are a few legal requirements. The very first is there should be a minimum of two adults and two children dying per day per 10,000 people, according to Morley. Also, no fewer than one out of three children under five must have acute malnutrition. One way to measure this really is by looking at the size of the child's bicep.
"When the bicep may be the size of a toonie or less, that's malnourished," Morley says. "In some places in Southern Somalia, we've got half the folks get their arms how big toonies."
Five of Canada's top charities have emerged to address the need for aid with The Humanitarian Coalition. The group comprises Oxfam Canada, Oxfam-Quebec, Plan Canada,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], CARE Canada, and Save the kids. With all these organizations and layers of complexity, it isn't always clear just how your money will help to.
Groups like Unicef Canada, the Canadian Red Cross and Human Concern International use local agencies to distribute help with affected regions. Such groups have an ear to the ground on how aid ought to be distributed and also have better access than international groups entering the nation to deliver aid.
Heidi Vallinga,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the Events and Communications Coordinator at Human Concern International, says money donated to famine aid is taken right to Somalia. Their partners in the area provide food aid, water tankards, tents and baby food, simply to name a few resources. HCI offers the funds to these groups so aid could be delivered, who then provide a report on how they've used the cash.
Vallinga estimates that so far, HCI has only drawn in $300,000 in donations from Canadians, which, considering their $1-million goal and also the US$2.5 billion estimate the UN says is required to save all drought victims, is a drop within the bucket. More than half of that estimate has been raised internationally so far from governments around the world and other aid organizations. "There's always appeals for various crises and things going on in Africa," Vallinga says. "I think sometimes individuals are slow to give because they see it as the second condition in an area that's already very troubled."
International aid groups are ramping up their relief efforts, but more help is needed. Ottawa has pledged another $50 million along with the $22 million already focused on humanitarian aid. They've also pledged to match every dollar donated by Canadians. Unicef Canada has raised $1.1 milion, and internationally the business has raised US$36 million. They're appealing for a total of $300 million.
Hossam Elsharkawi, Director of Emergencies and Recovery in the Canadian Red Cross, estimates that they've raised $5 million: $1 million came from the Ontario government, $2 million from Canadian donations and $2 million from the Pindoff family, founders of Music World Limited. "[The famine] is available in the context of a 20-plus year conflict in Somalia and 3 or 4 seasons now of repeated, failed harvest," says Elsharkawi.
Somalia has arguably been hit hardest by the drought, however the al-Shabab militia makes it even more difficult for international aid groups to create food aid in to the region. The group which controls an excellent portion of Somalia has banned the UN's World Food Programme from entering the location. "For a lot of them, their livelihoods are being completely destroyed," Vallinga says.
Humanitarian aid groups aren't just bringing emergency food supplies to East Africa; they're also bringing tools for locals to sustain their families in the long term. The Red Cross is distributing seeds, planting tools, hygiene and kitchen kits, and food staples like locally grown sugar, flour and oil.
Feeding Somalis is pretty cheap. Elsharkawi says just one high-energy biscuit package, that has 2200 calories and it is the minimum caloric requirement for an adult, costs only three dollars to buy and deliver. A guide kit, which provides a household of seven with around a month's supply of food, pots, pans, cutlery, tools to filter water, along with a hygiene kit including bars of soapy washing materials, is only $300.
However the money just isn't there. "Generally, droughts tend to generate less interest in the public than what we call rapid onslaught immediate disasters," Elsharkawi says. "The emotional messaging isn't there with droughts versus other kinds of disasters."
Additionally, it takes money to keep these humanitarian aid groups alive to allow them to continue bringing emergency help. Morley says it requires Unicef around 10 cents to boost a dollar. Elsharkawi says the Canadian Red Cross uses seven to 10 per cent of donations for administrative upkeep. Vallinga wasn't sure how money was distributed within HCI. Ultimately, however, it's nearly impossible for each cent of the donation to make it to an affected region.
To donate, Canadians can visit Human Concern International, The Humanitarian Coalition, Unicef Canada or the Canadian Red Cross. But Morley says it isn't as bleak as it may feel.
"In The united states, we simply shine the sunshine on places like Ethiopia or Somalia when something bad happens therefore it feels like an endless treadmill," he says. "But I'm an optimist,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and [I] take a generational view."
Morley concedes that progress in the area has been slow, there is however been progress nevertheless. While money is much needed,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], consistent awareness of Africa's food crisis is also needed.
"If Canadians believe there exists a role as global citizens, we should be telling our politicians because they'll listen to us," Morley says. "It's on the other side of the world, but we're all people."
See photos of East Africa's famine:
This will sound harsh I know, however, many I understand aren't stirred with this drought - "another drought". As the Somali pirates have killed people in the region, there isn't much sympathy to complete anything either, because the thinking is, that the Pirates will take the meals for ransom anyway. Be it true or not,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], whether aid can in fact get thru to those who need it most, I find within the groups I inhabit, that there's not much curiosity about helping as another condition in Africa gets wearing, and who would like to offer the Pirates there anyway. They've an image problem,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], and a trust problem with the ones that might send aid. Perhaps those I associate with are an anomaly, however i don't believe so.
We're A NATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS, BUT, ENOUGH IS ENOUGH! THE ONLY WAY I AND MILLIONS OF OTHER PEOPLE Wish to HELP SOMALIA, AND MORE AND MORE CHILDREN BEING BORN AND SUFFERING, IS BY SUPPORTING Contraception! It ought to be,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], 1,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], 2, 3 STRIKES YOU'RE OUT! BABIES Remain ON ROADSIDES, IN TRASH BAGS, Along with other HORRIFIC CRIMES OF CHILD NEGLECT! THAT IS WHY In my opinion IN ABORTION, AND VASCECTOMIES FOR MEN! PEOPLE Making love WITHOUT BIRTH CONTROL Ought to be ASHAMED OF THEMSELVES! I'm a CHRISTIAN, However the FUTURE OF THE CHILDREN Ought to be FIRST. THINK BEFORE YOU ACT! SORRY PEOPLE, THAT IS OUR FEELINGS ON THIS SUBJECT!
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